Thursday, March 18, 2010

Avanza un proyecto de biodiésel a partir de microalgas marinas (Mar del Plata)

Investigadores de la UTN Mar del Plata alcanzaron importantes resultados en la investigación para producir biodiésel desde microalgas marinas.

La Universidad Tecnológica Nacional de Mar del Plata (UTN-Mar del Plata) está trabajando de manera intensa en un proyecto de investigación altamente positivo: la producción de biodiésel a partir de microalgas marinas.

El trabajo de investigación se desarrolla en la ciudad de Mar del Plata, donde la UTN tiene su sede en la zona portuaria; el mismo está encabezado por un equipo de científicos y técnicos interdisciplinarios, que conjuga capacidades técnicas en acuicultura, ficología, biotecnología, ingeniería ambiental y de procesos. Para la cumplimentación del proyecto la UTN local está trabajando en conjunto con la UTN de Resistencia, Chaco.

Alcanzar a producir biodiésel a partir de microalgas marinas tiene ventajas muy importantes, ya que uno de los elementos fundamentales es que a diferencia de la soja o el resto de las plantas oleaginosas, no se quita una porción de los alimentos que podría ser necesaria para consumo humano o animal. Por otro lado tampoco se utiliza agua dulce, que será vital dentro de unos años, sino que se aprovecha el agua de mar que refrigera los equipos de una usina cercana al lugar donde se desarrolla el proyecto.

Otros aspectos para destacar son las virtudes comparativas que elevan la “performance” de las microalgas marinas con respecto a la soja, en la búsqueda del aceite para la fabricación del biodiésel. En este sentido, hay que decir que las microalgas no están sujetas a regímenes de zafra, por lo que se cultivan durante todo el año. Y el resultado es asombroso, dado que de una hectárea de microalgas se obtienen unos 8.000 litros de aceite al año.

Es por eso que este grupo de investigadores y técnicos de la UTN Mar del Plata está desarrollando este proyecto que propone realizar el cultivo masivo de especies seleccionadas de microalgas marinas como materia prima para la producción de aceite para biodiésel. Actualmente se encuentra en etapa de desarrollo, la cual consiste en experiencias realizadas en laboratorio y en un módulo de producción (en invernadero) con tanques de capacidades entre 100 y 2.000 litros. Pero este año se planea expandir dicho módulo a la construcción de varios piletones de tipo "raceway" ya que, en un plazo no mayor a cinco años, se proyecta contar con un área de producción de 1 hectárea.

Sustentabilidad
Un punto muy interesante de este proyecto es que su foco se centra en desarrollar procesos sustentables desde los puntos de vista económico y ambiental. Esto se logrará limitando la energía consumida a no más de un 20% de la energía a producir y reemplazando insumos de alto costo, como dióxido de carbono y medios de cultivo, por el aprovechamiento de pasivos ambientales como emisiones industriales y barros cloacales.

Las microalgas
Otro hecho notable de este proyecto radica en la utilización exclusiva de microalgas marinas. Esto tiene el especial propósito de conservar agua potable, la cual significará en un futuro un recurso natural más limitante que el petróleo. Para ello se ha implementado un importante sistema de abastecimiento de agua de mar natural proveniente del sistema de refrigeración de la central termoeléctrica local, ubicada a sólo 200 metros del módulo de producción. También se aprovecharán las emisiones gaseosas de dicha central como fuente de dióxido de carbono.

Por sus características, las microalgas duplican cada 24 horas la biomasa si se las hace crecer en condiciones óptimas. Además, requieren mucho menos fertilizante que los cultivos tradicionales, a diferencia de la soja u otras oleaginosas, que requieren mucho fertilizante para obtener un rinde interesante para la industria. Esto es debido a que las microalgas poseen una capacidad mucho mayor que las plantas terrestres para absorber la luz del sol y los nutrientes como el dióxido de carbono. Este último es un gas que provoca calentamiento global.
Como si esto fuera poco hay un aspecto que las convierte en altamente competitivas con el resto de los cultivos orientados a la generación del biodiésel: el rendimiento de aceite por hectárea de microalgas marinas, comparado con una hectárea de soja, es de 30 a 100 veces más, ya que ciertas especies poseen en condiciones óptimas hasta un 60% de su peso seco en aceite.

El proyecto
Desde su inicio en el año 2008, los investigadores de la UTN Mar del Plata han logrado avances significativos que muestran el potencial de este proyecto. En una primera etapa se adaptó una especie de microalga muy productiva y con alto contenido en aceite a las condiciones locales y se alcanzaron densidades celulares compatibles con la producción masiva en las cuatro estaciones del año. También se obtuvieron excelentes resultados en la etapa de separación de las células del agua de cultivo, lo cual se logró mediante técnicas de floculación y centrifugación.

Algo muy alentador para los investigadores fue el hecho de que, al extraer aceite de esta microalga cultivada en las condiciones locales de la ciudad de Mar del Plata, se determinó que es altamente apto para la producción de biodiésel. En un futuro próximo se planea experimentar con otras especies de microalgas y con condiciones de cultivo adicionales con el fin de optimizar el proceso y elevar el rinde.

Los investigadores y técnicos que integran el proyecto Cultivo Masivo de Microalgas para la Producción de Biodiésel, de la UTN Mar del Plata, poseen amplia experiencia. Los interesados pueden obtener información contactándose a arcoiris@mdp.utn.edu.ar

17/03/10
LA CAPITAL (Mar del Plata)

Ehand

Friday, February 19, 2010

Desperately for her missing daughter in China

"She's alive because I feel," he says, almost as if in prayer, Deborah Cilley, Mama Lucia Tosi Cilley, the 22-year-old disappeared in China on October 27 last. "They tell us they have it working in prostitution, is what Dad tells the private investigators there."

Deborah, telephone communication from his home in lanacion.com Chascomus that his daughter decided to move in with his dad to Guangzhou, China, in February 2009. "I had high hopes of progress there," says and points out that Lucy worked in the import and export company with his father. "He learned Chinese in 8 months, also speaks English and French", he notes proudly.

The illusions of progress of his daughter and his strength is kept alive and hopeful. He relates in detail the last time she was seen in China, according to the version of her former husband. "He was in a bowling alley with a Nigerian boy, hence they went to a nearby town and apparently handed it to someone."

That Juan Carlos, father of her daughter, looking through embassies, private investigators, with posters on the streets. They know it is very difficult: "In this city there are 100,000 missing as my daughter and do not care much for Westerners." Requests the Argentine government to get involved and mediate with the Chinese authorities.

Friday, February 12, 2010

Raptor Devours Cheerleader (video)

Firefly > Twilight

Buenos Aires will host the 2013 IOC meeting

Buenos Aires was chosen as the seat of the general assembly of the International Olympic Committee (IOC) in 2013. Beat Argentina's capital Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia) by 58 votes to 31 and secured the organization of the meeting, the most important of recent years, since it will resolve issues of vital importance for the Olympic movement: the succession of Belgian Jacques Rogge at the head of the IOC and the designation of the host city for the 2020 Summer Olympics, and decide what are the 25 sports "core" of the Olympic program.

"It's a huge opportunity for the country, a huge opportunity for the city," he showed promise Gerardo Werthein, president of the Argentine Olympic Committee (COA). "It's wonderful to reintegrate Buenos Aires in the world," added Werthein, excited by the strategic 'nature of the general assembly of 2013.

A total of 14 ran for cities hosting the Olympic assembly, but only Argentina's capital Kuala Lumpur and reached the final vote. To support the candidacy of Buenos Aires traveled former rugby Agustin Pichot and Deputy Secretary of Sports of the capital, Francisco Irarrázaval. Argentina's presentation began with a video of the city and words of Werthein speaking French. And had two videos of Buenos Aires mayor Mauricio Macri, and President Cristina Fernandez de Kirchner. Political confrontation, both encolumnaron behind the project of the candidacy of Buenos Aires.

In the presentation, a video showed the President's words: "I want to say that as President would be our great honor that the seat is the City of Buenos Aires, for which we offer all the help and support needed by the Committee for sit. We want to thank us permission to communicate, to connect with you to take these few words [...], that are warm and sincere offer on behalf of all Argentines do we wait in 2013 to you all. "

Macri, meanwhile, said: "We are ready, happy and eager to get to the Olympic family, royal families and authorities around the world and, incidentally, to meet, discuss and make decisions for the future of Olympic sport, enjoy one of the most powerful cultural offerings, more diverse and richer than at this time is in the Western world. "

The fifteen minutes that should last the exposure of Argentina's capital was closed with a video in which several athletes as Argentinean Lionel Messi, Juan Curuchet, Emanuel Ginobili and Gabriela Sabatini, "answered" Buenos Aires "to the question about where to performed the assembly of the IOC. Later, the Malaysian presentation was based on the successful meeting in Kuala Lumpur in 2002, but the count favored Buenos Aires, which, according to the AP, would have a budget of $ 3.4 million.

"We put a lot of desire and laburo Buenos Aires 2013, was a hellish job," confessed Werthein, and with the certainty that the capital of Argentina will, within three years and for a few days, the center of the Olympic movement.

Wednesday, December 30, 2009

12 minimalist ways to reduce your carbon footprint

Minimalism is a great way to step more lightly upon this earth. Consuming less is more important than buying green -- though I'd encourage you to do both.

So let's get straight to the tips:

1. Eat less. Wrote about this recently. Less food consumed means less resources used up and pollution used to create the food and get it to you.

2. Eat less meat. Worldwide, beef production contributes more to climate change than the entire transportation sector. Pork and chicken are also big contributors to pollution and carbon emissions, compared to plants.

3. Eat locally. Transporting food from where it's grown or raised to where it's processed and packaged, to your supermarket, has a high environmental cost. Eating locally not only greatly reduces that transportation cost but it supports local farmers instead of corporations. Look for local foods, in season, at farmer's markets near you, or at your supermarket or local health food store, or get involved with a CSA.

4. Drive less. Work from home or telecommute as much as possible. Combine errands to make fewer trips. Move to a place near work and all the things you need. Walk or bike more, or use public transit. It takes time to reduce your driving, but if you're conscious about it, you can make changes a little at a time. Also, you'll get healthier by walking or biking instead of driving.

5. Travel less. Airplane flights are a huge contributor to climate change. Travel less by doing teleconferences, taking vacations close to home, and rethinking your travel needs. I've traveled a couple times in the last couple of years, but before that it had been about 7 years without a flight.

6. Buy less. Buying a lot of things is wasteful. Each item requires a lot of resources and contributes hugely to climate change (see the True Cost of Stuff). So cut back on how much you buy. See if you can borrow an item, check out a book from a library, make what you have last longer, find innovative ways to repurpose what you already have or make an item yourself, or just do without. Many times you'll realize an item wasn't a necessary purchase and you don't miss it in your life.

7. Buy used. This avoids buying a new item and all the resources that go into creating and transporting it. It extends the life of something already bought. Look in thrift shops, consignment shops, used bookstores, eBay and Freecycle. Often you'll find some really cool used stuff.

8. Have a smaller home. Obviously not a change you're going to make this week, but something you can think about for the long term. A smaller home takes fewer resources to create, and requires less power, water, heat, and thus fewer emissions. If you get rid of a lot of your stuff, and rethink your needs, you'll realize you need less space.

9. Use less power. Even without a smaller home, there are tons of ways to reduce power. Cool and heat your home less. Turn off lights, unplug appliances, hang dry clothes more often.

10. Use less water. Don't take long showers - get wet, turn off water, soap up, turn on water and rinse. Don't water your lawn, and wash your car less (or get rid of the car). Wash clothes less (wear them longer). Conserve water when you wash your hands or dishes.

11. Go paperless. Many offices and even homes use tons of paper, but most of it is unnecessary. Don't print stuff out if you can read it on the computer. File things digitally rather than in folders. Get bills and other documents sent electronically or online rather than via mail. Stop catalogs from being mailed to you. Read newspapers and magazines online rather than buying them. Stop sending faxes for goodness sake.

12. Go vegan. Not a completely necessary step, but one I recommend. Vegan food, contrary to what most people think, can be delicious and satisfying, and it's often healthier (less saturated fats, fewer calories, for example). Most especially, eating no meat or dairy or eggs means withdrawal from industries that are horrible for the environment, and horribly cruel to animals.


Source http://mnmlist.com/

Saturday, December 26, 2009

Buonanotte had a serious accident and is hospitalized with multiple injuries

The car was misled this morning on route 65, near Arribeños, and struck a tree. His three friends died instantly. They were returning from a disco dance in the area. The footballer was referred to a clinic in Venado Tuerto with fractures of the humerus and clavicle, and a pulmonary contusion.



Diego Buonanotte starred in a serious accident that killed three young men who accompanied him. The incident occurred this morning about 6:45, when the footballer and his friends were returning from a disco in the town of Arribeños. Apparently, the Dwarf lost control of the Peugeot 307 from his father, went off the road 65, about 15 km of Clementina, Santa Fe, and crashed into a tree. The impact was fatal. And as reported eldiarioteodelina.blogspot.com, Gerardo Suñé, Alexis Emanuel Melo Fulcheri and died soon after, with the wheel, the only survivor, derived the Sanatorium San Martin de Venado Tuerto.

The first official data provided Diego's Rove, Fire Chief of Clementina, who confirmed to Clarín.com there was only one car involved in the accident. And he told also that Buonanotte few friends in another vehicle coming up quickly to try to help and found the tragic scene. It also clarified that the Dwarf "was aware" but anyway that was referred to as Eye Deer had multiple wounds.

While initial reports said that the health status of the player for River was serious, since the Sanatorium San Martin de Venado Tuerto provided some comfort to the query Clarín.com and told that "came with multiple injuries, but he was lucid .

Minutes later, Eduardo Allegrini, director of the medical center, cleared doubts in a note explaining that Buonanotte TN "has fractured right humerus, right clavicle and a bruised right lung. He clarified that while "is out of danger," said she remains in intensive therapist "under observation".

Allegrini said no Buonanotte spoke about what had happened and, for that reason can not determine whether the Dwarf is aware that his other three friends died. The only testimony reflecting those of the player told Guillermo Fernandez, a volunteer firefighter in the town of Arribeños who said: "Diego told us he lost control of the car."

Friday, December 25, 2009

After confirming that he will fight for the presidency in 2011, Duhalde plays with a possible names for Cabinet



Just hours after confirming at least the media, their intention to fight for the presidency as candidate of the PJ in 2011, Eduardo Duhalde risked names of potential partners in a potential cabinet.

The list included Roberto Lavagna, Jorge Remes Lenicov, Graciela Camano and Alfredo Atanasof, all ministers in his government between January 2002 and May 2003.

In addition, returned to butt against Nétor Kirchner and reinforced the idea that "works" for the former president can not return to politics in the province of Buenos Aires.
On the other hand, avoided confrontation with Carlos Reutemann, who had crossed with harshly by the speculation over who would run, but the senator also sought to differentiate Santa Fe.

By name.

For a report broadcast by Radio 2 de Rosario, Duhalde was asked about who could join his group of associates when it reaches the Casa Rosada.

He mentioned his two ministers of finance, remittances and Lavagna, who said, are writing a book about his government, Camano, whom he described as "an extraordinary minister of labor" and Atanasof, who was secretary of Homeland Security management and his cabinet chief.

Kirchner's attack came in a further attempt to differentiate from Reutemann Duhalde. "The Santa Fe situation is different, but I'm where are the headquarters of Kirchner and I need to start working and organizing for the emergence of new leaders in the province of Buenos Aires.'m Going to work for Kirchner never again be leader, at least in my province, "launched.


In addition, we predicted the Santa Cruz heavy loss of support in the coming months. "He will not accompany virtually no significant leader. It generates a lot of resentment among governors and mayors," he said. "When Kirhcner go there will be pictures of him or guilds or anywhere. Only the mother should have her picture, complete with irony

Rally Dakar 2010: It is the "Village", in the Rural



Vehicles are already in Argentina. In the coming hours, the pilots begin to arrive and the rest of the Argentine teams (which are inside), Latin America and the United States. And everything will be ready for the opening of the "Village Dakar", which again will be held on the campus of La Rural, Palermo.

Again, the site will allow locals and tourists to make contact with the huge caravan that makes up the Dakar Rally, with its huge logistics and support vehicles, plus all the racing machines: cars, motorcycles, ATVs and trucks. There he performed the technical verifications and other formalities to be met by participants before the race organization.

There will be a food court, booths of the participating brands as sponsors of the rally, other commercial-type (open air or within pavilions), a demonstration track with all-terrain vehicles called "Petit Dakar", a space designed for children.

The days and hours are:

- Administrative and technical checks:
Dec. 29: 10 to 21
December 30: 10 to 21
December 31: 11 to 19 hours

- Village Dakar
Dec. 29: 10 to 21
December 30: 10 to 21
December 31: 11 to 19 hours
January 1: 11 to 17 hours

- Podium pole / presentation of vehicles:
January 1: 15 to 21 hours (see map)

Price of entry to La Rural: $ 10 (12 to 65 years)

After the "Village", the Dakar caravan will depart for Buenos Aires city of Columbus, north of the province, which will begin on January 2 speed, with the stretch Columbus Cordova. The return to Buenos Aires (also at La Rural) will be on January 17 for the awards.

Ginobili is going to be a father of two boys


This was confirmed by him in Facebook. "I have to start thinking about names," he said.





Emanuel Ginobili closes a bitter year in sports for the injuries he suffered but very fruitful at the personal level. It will be first-time father, twice. Is that his wife, Marianela, is pregnant with twins. And if that were not enough, prior to Christmas Eve, the bahiense confirmed what most wanted to hear: there will be a father of two boys.

"The melli are little boys. You have to start thinking about names," wrote Manu in Facebook.

The delivery scheduled for June, will be in the U.S., as already explained bahiense. "At that time I'll be playing the playoffs, and if not we could not travel so far with eight months' pregnant.

The struggle to reach the All-Star Game

The NBA released partial results of the voting for the All-Star Game. And Emanuel Ginobili and Luis Scola are among the most chosen by the fans.

Scola is seventh among forwards and wing pivots the Western Conference, with 295,691 votes, behind Carmelo Anthony (1,204,234), Dirk Nowitzki (668,243), Pau Gasol (565,414), Tim Duncan (564,728), Kevin Durant ( 406,581) and Trevor Ariza (355,529).

Meanwhile, Ginobili figure bases and eleventh among the escorts of the same conference. The sum bahiense 171,624 votes in a category that Kobe Bryant is leading comfortably, with 1,380,383 voters.

Balloting will continue until 18 January and the meeting will be held on 14 February in the Dallas Cowboy stadium in the NFL, with capacity for 80 thousand spectators.

Sunday, December 13, 2009

A great place in history: Banfield, champion for the first time

Despite falling to Boca Juniors in the Bombonera, by 2 to 0, the whole South was enshrined in the Apertura championship, thanks to the success of San Lorenzo on Newell's, in Rosario, Palermo made the many xeneizes and scored again after new date


Julio Cesar Falcioni not fought back tears. In the final minutes was given to tears. From Rosario came the long-awaited news: the defeat of Newell's already been accomplished. Banfield, even when losing, was crowned champion. It exploded in a scream the bench. Mingled in an embrace the fans who came to the Bombonera. Smith looked at the bench and raised his arms. Diego Abal, the arbitrator held that the two minutes until they were useless. And all were delivered to the festivities.

The team led by Julio Cesar Falcioni won the title thanks to Newell's, the one who had chances to snatch it, fell in their stadium against San Lorenzo on the same result.

By this time, just interested to squad, the coaching staff and fans of Banfield the fact that his team has played perhaps the weakest match of the tournament, because that does not stop celebrating the first title of the story.

It will remain in anecdote and statistics that Martin Palermo scored both goals in the Bombonera, the first was a penalty, the first 7 minutes of time, which broke a losing streak of 750 minutes without turning, and that the second was at 14 'the second half, when connecting a defensive rebound.

The start of the match at the Bombonera was intense, with both teams looking for the win from the start, but after 15 minutes of the first stage, everything fell into a well with football.

At Banfield was nervous and absent noticed, and perhaps was pressured to be involved stroking the first title in club history for albiverde. For your benefit, Newell's defeat against San Lorenzo was enough to devote champion.

Oblivious to what was happening with his team on the pitch, the festival was unleashed at the Bombonera in Florencio Sola Hector Baldassi decreed when the match between Rosario and the Cyclone.

Blond Mutant Ninja Turtles

Saturday, November 28, 2009

Pili, the transplanted girl thanked the support he received during his hospitalization

Pilar Chavez, the 19-year liver transplant twice in five days and was in national emergency, is progressing well. After being transplanted, and to be hospitalized for several days, "Pili" spoke to the news channel and told TN that is improving day by day, thanked everyone who was with her and called for an awareness of the importance of donating organs.

The girl, with a smile, was: "Hello everyone, I Pili, I am still recovering, look at my bruises, but so good. Many thanks to everyone who gave me the stamina and prayed for me. Many thanks and continue praying organ donation.

Pilar had to be transplanted twice in five days, a complication she suffered when she performed the first transplant. Today the young are very well: his new liver is functioning perfectly, and out of intensive care and has a good mood (watch video). With the improvement of Pilar, his family, little by little, he is telling all the ruckus that erupted when the first transplant did not work and had to enter national emergency to receive an organ. "We told him that was in the papers, on TV, in all media, and she gives a bit of shame," his dad told Clarin, Germain.

Now Pilar is in an area where the Italian Hospital transplant patients. You can watch TV, and began to eat. "Very tolerant all the food they give at the hospital told her father. The truth is that we see it very good at heart, and doctors tell us it's very good that his liver and kidneys develops also correctly" .

When she could give medical discharge, the father felt that it will not happen before at least 20 days. "Yes, hopefully for the holidays can be home, but the important thing now is that she is fine. Before we who thanked the donor. Now she's the one thanks.

Pilar was born with glycogenesis, an illness that forced her to inject glucose throughout his life. Two years ago was recorded in INCUCAI waiting list for a transplant. The body arrived, but Pilar had a complication and had to be retransplanted, something that rarely happens.

Sunday, November 22, 2009

Photo from Atlantis


Space Shuttle Atlantis looked out over Earth in this image photographed by a NASA crew member Tuesday. The shuttle arrived at the International Space Station Wednesday for a weeklong stay, and the astronauts quickly unloaded a huge platform full of spare parts. (Associated Press/NASA)

Wednesday, November 18, 2009

The usury of credit cards in Argentina

The Central Bank issued a report with different charges and fees that banks charge for credit cards. Is advised not to "get used to make only the minimum payment, because the interest grows exponentially.




The interest rate charged by banks for financing the balance of the credit cards after making the minimum payment in September averaged 36.5 percent annually, according to the latest survey of the Regime of Central Bank Transparency. However, each entity charged different rates according to the rating assigned to each customer. Thus, the average minimum system stood at 33.1 percent, while the maximum values averaged 39.8 percent. Outside of that average, there are cases of banks reached an exorbitant finance 85.2 per cent annually. Meanwhile, the maintenance costs of the cards range between 6.26 and 9.61 pesos per month. The monetary authority report urges consumers to internalize the levels of interest rates, but also on charges associated with the use and validity of plastic on the outside. The minimum income of 753 pesos were required for local use cards, but we found a high concentration of banks that require up to a thousand.

Banks take advantage of the slight recovery in consumption after a freeze that caused the international crisis to begin an aggressive policy of attracting users who accept their credit cards. The offer includes a wide variety of benefits such as customer retention tool. This ranges from the accumulation of miles on airlines, the amount of points to obtain prizes or discounts and special offers at shops or shows up additional cards at no charge.

But beyond all these advantages, the fees and costs that apply some properties are far from being a "gift". The maintenance of plastics and the financing of balance-which arises from the difference between what you owe and the minimum payment allowed, usually too high. The Central relieves the main items making up that cost and makes available on its website to allow consumers to make a comparison between different products. These include life insurance on balances funded, administrative costs for making and sending the summary, annual renewal costs of plastic and commissions charged for withdrawing cash.

Despite anchoring the lines that offers Central banks to have liquidity, taxes destined for the consumer finance remain historically high, while reluctant to lend long term. In fact, the level of liquidity of the institutions is at its highest. The latest central bank report said that in September the unpaid balance of the financing amounted to summary annual average 36.5 percent. On these values must be added the rate of VAT. However, on a tour of the attached schedule, the report can be seen a wide variety of financial costs, ranging from zero to 85.2 percent.

"Being a credit product, a card has a limit of financing and purchasing, which depends on the credit policy of each entity and the rating assigned to each customer," recalls the report of transparency. In the monthly statement detailing the minimum payment, ie the amount to be canceled to avoid the application of punitive interests. The board of the Fund Kadicard Cooperativa La Plata is the capital of which shows the maximum compensatory higher rate (85.2 percent annually). The same agency, meanwhile, zero-rate financing for consumers with good qualification (minimum fee). The Argencard (Banco Columbia) is the highest rate charged to customers with best rating: 55 percent.

Other variables to consider are the fees charged for exceeding the purchase limit (usually determined according to income level), the cost of additional cards and hiring requirements of the card (income level and maximum age). In this regard, the organizations ask an average minimum income of 753 pesos, while the major amount of deposits banks requested a salary of 2500. In the latter group are located on Credicoop and Santander Rio.

Life insurance on balances funded in September stood at an average of 0.3 percent. You can find issuers of credit cards that charge up to 9.9 per cent annually. Regarding administrative costs, averaged 7.30 pesos. For the minimum values reported, the average was of 6.26 dollars and the maximum amount of 9.61 pesos. In some cases reaches 48 pesos, being the most common major entities between 8.50 and $ 12.50. As average annual renewal costs of 39.09 dollars, but reach 360 pesos.

The Italcred stands at a cost of renewal of its plastics of 282 pesos. No significant differences when comparing the values for consumption in the country with the outside. The report of the Central advises "Do not get used to make only the minimum payment. "If allowed to accumulate in your account balance increased, this will involve greater interests in the future," added the text.